Archive Page 206

All God’s Children

Joey Lafleur was in for his four-year well child check yesterday morning, and it was a profound moment in a day that was otherwise more or less a blur of acute visits and urgent phone calls.

Joey seemed different from other babies early on to his previous provider. His doctor was Barbara Brennan, my good friend and colleague, who ended up giving up her career as a doctor because of her own health. Her early office notes, referral letters and the various specialist reports read like a medical mystery novel.

Joey didn’t reach his developmental milestones; his eyes didn’t seem right and he had an unusual, broad grin, which he always flashed. By age two he was diagnosed with Williams Syndrome, a rare genetic disorder that affects one in 7,500 newborns.

Joey, in typical fashion for Williams Syndrome children, is extremely gregarious, even with strangers. He is a favorite with the nurses. He isn’t potty trained, cannot make three word sentences, and cannot make age-appropriate drawings.

His parents elected to give him the 4-6 year-old shots yesterday, and he protested loudly. Immediately afterward, he wanted to kiss the nurses.

Yesterday afternoon I saw Marguerite Brown, an eighty-three year old woman with stubborn blood pressure and skin problems. Two months ago she had told me that her daughter, Molly DeLorme, had been diagnosed with inoperable cancer. I have been Marguerite’s doctor for ten or fifteen years, and never realized that her daughter was the woman who wallpapered our house a couple of years ago; after all these years practicing in this community I am still finding out that people I have known for years are related to each other.

Last week I had seen Molly’s obituary in the paper. The same issue of our local paper had a little “In Memoriam” piece about a six-year-old patient of mine, who was killed by falling logs several years ago. His parents are still struggling with their loss.

Marguerite Brown was somber, naturally, as I entered the exam room.

“Why did Molly have to die, why couldn’t it have been me?” she asked, rhetorically.

Tonight I answered telephone calls from two of my three adopted children. Both of them are dealing with the consequences of choices they have made in the past. I have wished for a long time that I could have spared them what they are going through right now, but I am wise enough to know that most of us have to learn things for ourselves, and cannot learn from the mistakes of our parents.

I can imagine the heartache of Joey Lafleur’s parents as they imagine what his life will be like, growing up with Williams Syndrome. I can imagine their grief as they think about all the things he will never do.

We must all remember that our children are only loaned to us. We have a natural desire to see them grow up to be healthy and happy, and more often than not I think we hope they will be a lot like us. Our task and privilege as their parents is to see them for who they are, and help them reach their potential.

A youngster with Down’s or Williams Syndrome can be more capable of receiving and returning the love of their parents than a child without genetic challenges, and a healthy child can be killed in a freak accident in the matter of seconds. The wisest parents cannot protect their children from making their own mistakes, and even the elderly often have to grieve the loss of a child.

No More Headaches!

My 11:45 patient today was Sue Maddocks, who just turned 40. She is a relatively new patient, who told me she had had daily headaches for twenty years. She was taking 20 Tylenol (acetaminophen/paracetamol) a day, and she still had unrelenting headaches along with some pretty severe neck pain. She had had MRI’s of her head and neck and tried all kinds of medications, but nothing helped.

When I first met Sue, she had problems with anemia and that is what we had to deal with first. Two weeks ago we got down to business with her headaches. It was clear that she suffered from rebound headaches; she would have to stop taking Tylenol in order to get rid of her headaches.

There are several methods described in the literature for getting rid of rebound headaches, some more drastic than others – everything from steroids to hospitalization for frequent injections of dihydroergotamine.

My proposal to Sue two weeks ago was that we give her a simple muscle relaxant, cyclobenzaprine 10 mg, 1-2 tablets every night, and that she take the leap of faith to wean herself off the Tylenol. “It’s not helping you anyway, so what do you have to lose?” I suggested. She was willing to give it a try. I warned her she probably would have worse headaches for a while. We agreed on a two-week follow-up.

It was a busy morning, but I was running on time. I took a deep breath as I entered Room 8 at 11:47, not knowing how things had gone since I saw her last. I thought about how to proceed if she hadn’t been able to cut down on her Tylenol.

I knocked and entered the room. Sue got up, gave me a big grin and shook my hand.

“They’re gone!” she exclaimed. “No headaches for a week – for the first time in twenty years!”

“That’s great”, I replied.

“Yesterday I was driving around, and I turned my head and noticed my neck wasn’t hurting – it was only holding up my head!” She was ecstatic.

“That’s all it’s supposed to do”, I said.

I wrote a refillable prescription for cyclobenzaprine and we talked about how long to take it for, and how to taper and stop it.

By twelve o’clock I was out the door and headed home for lunch – much sooner than I had imagined.

A Day Without a Diagnosis

Thursday I saw 29 patients, but I didn’t make a single diagnosis. I did three physicals and saw several patients with diabetes, hypertension and high cholesterol. A migraineur came in for a shot, and we double booked a few sick people who already knew their diagnosis and what treatment they needed.

One of my physicals was a Registered Nurse, about my age, who left clinical nursing a few years ago and now does research for a group of surgeons at the hospital up the road. Her research focuses on quality of care.

That got me thinking about the differences in health care between my early days in this profession and today. The spectrum of diseases we deal with has changed, and lately also the notion of what constitutes quality in health care.

Physicians today spend more time managing chronic diseases, some of which weren’t even thought of as diseases twenty-five years ago. A cholesterol level we feel obligated to treat today was considered normal back then; Type 2 Diabetes was something our grandmothers developed in their late seventies, not a multisystem disease we looked for in children and young adults; Attention Deficit Disorder wasn’t something primary care physicians concerned themselves with. And who would ever have thought that Fibromyalgia, a term coined in 1976, would be such a common disease, along with Restless Leg Syndrome (Ekbom, 1944), obesity and toenail fungus?

My conversation with my R.N. patient moved toward the issue of what really constitutes quality in medicine. I worry that some things are measured mostly because they are easy to measure: What percentage of heart attack victims is currently taking beta-blockers? What is the average Hemoglobin A1c among a physician’s diabetic patients (as opposed to how is this value trending over time)? I never hear statistics on how often we as doctors make the right or wrong diagnosis, or how difficult it was to move a particular patient from one set of numbers to another.

The practice of medicine has become more a matter of housekeeping, if not downright bookkeeping. The days of brilliant medical mavericks that could ferret out the correct diagnosis and quickly move on to the next heroic act are history; today’s focus is on long-term management according to evidence-based guidelines (“evidence-based”, now there’s another topic for a post…).

There is no point in lamenting the shift over time in what our patients need from us; I am merely reflecting on what has happened during my years in practice. If we as doctors want to see more bad, untreated and undiagnosed diseases, we need to move to more remote places – my underserved corner of Rural America isn’t the place for that anymore.

Managing chronic illnesses can be very meaningful and satisfying, but it isn’t quite what I imagined I would be doing to this extent. But it is one of the reasons we need to hone our skills as physicians; it is no longer enough to be a good diagnostician when almost every patient we see in a given day already has a diagnosis established. Our challenge is to help them manage that diagnosis. That means we need to practice motivational interviewing for our patients with lifestyle-inflicted diseases, serve as our patients’ medical home in a fragmented health care system and be a voice of reason in an era of information overload.

In a brief moment of worry about what I would do if I didn’t get accepted to medical school I had considered teaching, and I worked as a substitute teacher for one semester between my military service and medical school. I don’t think that was a waste of time at all.

Once in a while as a physician, you’ll make a diagnosis. Most of the time you help patients manage a disease they already know they have.

The Good Mother

Brenda Norwood was a single mother, doing her best. Her new boyfriend was not necessarily helping her deal with Sadie, and Sadie was a handful.

Sadie was the most sullen teenager I had ever run into. Her hair was orange, her eye makeup looked like something in a late night movie, and she wore a dog collar around her neck. She seemed to despise her mother.

For a brief while I thought I might be able to reach Sadie, but I was mistaken. Her attitude in general, and mostly toward her mother was so terrible that I did something I had never done before: I asked her to leave the room.

Brenda and I talked for a while alone. I gave her some suggestions about what she could do, counselors she might want to call, even the psychiatric hospital’s outreach telephone number and the youth crisis stabilization hotline.

Sadie was physically healthy, and as I wasn’t able to do much for her or her mother, I saw neither one of them for a while. Then one day I heard from Autumn what was happening with Sadie. I swear, Autumn knows more about what is going on in this community than anyone else, even when it comes to the small minority that she isn’t somehow related to!

Word was, Sadie was pregnant, and the father was Mickey Leblanc, a nineteen year old with a similar background history. We were surprised to hear that they were getting married soon after the pregnancy became public knowledge.

Imagine my surprise when Sadie and Mickey brought their newborn son to see me. I must say I didn’t quite know what to expect. There was Mickey, now working as a painter, wearing his work overalls, calm and completely focused on what his son and young wife were doing; Sadie, a pretty strawberry blonde with earnest, kind eyes and a soothing voice, was completely focused on the most beautiful baby boy, a calm, contented little soul, whose entire being seemed to be one with his mother.

Without missing a nuance of our conversation, Sadie did everything automatically for her baby as if she had done it all her life. She was in charge, and Mickey was in quiet attention, ready with a cloth or a hand when needed.

The other day I saw little Sam for his four-year-old well child visit. As usual, Sadie and Mickey were both there; Mickey in paint splattered overalls as usual.

Sam counted fingers, wrote down numbers, named colors and copied shapes for me. He walked toe-heel along the floor tiles and he hopped on one leg.

“This is the five year old stuff we’re doing at age four,” I pointed out. Sadie and Mickey both beamed.

“Sam is a great kid, you know that,” I said. “And I’ve told you this before: You two are doing a great job with him.” Still vividly remembering Sadie in her dog collar, I added: “He’s smart enough that if he gets bored or sees the adults around him not measuring up, he could turn into a real handful for you.”

They both smiled knowingly.

“Doctor, What Would You Do?”

Herbert Beal took me by surprise yesterday morning with his question. He is a 70-year-old oxygen-dependent frail man with severe emphysema and a newly diagnosed 5.9 cm asymptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysm.

The vascular surgeons at our tertiary hospital couldn’t help him, so he was referred on to Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. They felt his aneurysm could be stented, and his local pulmonologist thought he would tolerate that procedure, but probably not an open repair with a graft.

Thursday morning I got a call from Mass. General. They wanted him to have a cardiac evaluation before the operation next week. The chief of our local cardiology group agreed to see him at 11 am Friday.

Late Thursday afternoon Mr. Beal called because he had a cold and was raising colored sputum. I agreed to see him as a “double book” Friday morning on his way to the cardiologist in town.

In the exam room was Herbert Beal and his wife, who had never come with him to an appointment before. He had rales and rhonchi in both lungs, and deserved an antibiotic, especially with surgery next week. I also offered him a flu shot and made sure they knew how to get to the cardiology clinic.

As I was about to leave the room, Mr. Beal cleared his throat and asked:

“Doctor, what would you do?

I looked at him again, and he continued: “Would you have the surgery?”

His wife spoke softly: “Herbert and I have talked about this – I understand that death from emphysema can be very uncomfortable, and death from an aneurysm is usually quick…”

I thought for a moment before answering:

“This is a high risk situation. As long as the aneurysm can be stented, your lung doctor thinks you’ll be OK with the surgery, and you’ll soon hear what the cardiologist thinks. If stenting doesn’t work, an open repair would be very risky.”

I paused and thought again.

“We don’t know how long you’ve had this aneurysm, and we don’t know how fast it will grow. If I were in your situation, I’m not sure I’d have the procedure.”

They thanked me and went on to his cardiology appointment.

Just as I was about to leave the clinic last night I got the cardiology report – OK for the stenting, very high risk for an open repair, just as expected. I called the Nurse Practitioner I had talked to before at Mass. General.

“Oh, really”, she said. “I heard from his pulmonologist yesterday, and he told me Mr. Beal had decided against the surgery. I guess we’re still on then – I’ll email the surgeon.”

What a terrible choice to be faced with…


I just realized none of the posts show on an iPad or a computer, but they do show on an iPhone. WordPress is working on this. In the meantime, please visit my Substack.

 

 

Osler said “Listen to your patient, he is telling you the diagnosis”. Duvefelt says “Listen to your patient, he is telling you what kind of doctor he needs you to be”.

 

BOOKS BY HANS DUVEFELT, MD

CONDITIONS, Chapter 1: An Old, New Diagnosis

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